• Deprecated function: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in Drupal\Component\Utility\Unicode::validateUtf8() (line 395 of core/lib/Drupal/Component/Utility/Unicode.php).
    Drupal\Component\Utility\Unicode::validateUtf8(NULL) (Line: 65)
Drupal\Component\Utility\Xss::filter(NULL) (Line: 351)
_colorbox_formatter_get_caption(Array) (Line: 140)
template_preprocess_colorbox_formatter(Array, 'colorbox_formatter', Array)
call_user_func_array('template_preprocess_colorbox_formatter', Array) (Line: 261)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('colorbox_formatter', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 250)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->{closure}() (Line: 1881)
Twig\Extension\CoreExtension::captureOutput(Object) (Line: 40)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/fields/field.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('field', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 504)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 41)
__TwigTemplate_0c51b0c178cb5a13267b2425c05b1ebb->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/embed/media--media-library.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('media', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 504)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 224)
Drupal\entity_embed\Plugin\Filter\EntityEmbedFilter->Drupal\entity_embed\Plugin\Filter\{closure}() (Line: 638)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 223)
Drupal\entity_embed\Plugin\Filter\EntityEmbedFilter->process('

Interview with Gene Likens, Radio Boston, August 29, 2016





Hidden among the White Mountains is an unexpected laboratory: the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.

"I've always said I can't believe somebody pays me to work in such a beautiful place," says Gene Likens, co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study.

The USDA Forest Service has 79 experimental forest and ranges across the United States. Likens, along with three colleagues, worked with the Forest Service to begin studying Hubbard Brook in 1963. One of the most notable discoveries at the site is acid rain.

Now, teams of scientists perform large-scale experiments there, from cutting down the trees to measuring the water, to figure out how different conditions effect the ecosystem.

Likens met us at the forest to talk about some of the discoveries they've made over the past 50 years. His new book with co-author Richard T. Holmes is "Hubbard Brook: The Story of a Forest Ecosystem."

Guest

Gene Likens, president emeritus of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, and co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, which tweets @hubbardbrooknh.
', 'en') (Line: 118)
Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText(Array)
call_user_func_array(Array, Array) (Line: 113)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doTrustedCallback(Array, Array, 'Render #pre_render callbacks must be methods of a class that implements \Drupal\Core\Security\TrustedCallbackInterface or be an anonymous function. The callback was %s. See https://www.drupal.org/node/2966725', 'exception', 'Drupal\Core\Render\Element\RenderCallbackInterface') (Line: 870)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doCallback('#pre_render', Array, Array) (Line: 432)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 250)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->{closure}() (Line: 1881)
Twig\Extension\CoreExtension::captureOutput(Object) (Line: 40)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/fields/field.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('field', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 371)
__TwigTemplate_d8b9d79a84c0c5604a5fadd8bc853000->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/nodes/node--audio_video_slideshow.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('node', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array, ) (Line: 238)
Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 638)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 231)
Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->prepare(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 128)
Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 90)
Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray(Object, 'kernel.view', Object)
call_user_func(Array, Object, 'kernel.view', Object) (Line: 111)
Drupal\Component\EventDispatcher\ContainerAwareEventDispatcher->dispatch(Object, 'kernel.view') (Line: 186)
Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw(Object, 1) (Line: 76)
Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 53)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 48)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 28)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 32)
Drupal\big_pipe\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 191)
Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 128)
Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 82)
Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 50)
Drupal\ban\BanMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 48)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 51)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 36)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\AjaxPageState->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 51)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\StackedHttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 741)
Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle(Object) (Line: 19)
  • Deprecated function: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated in Drupal\Component\Utility\Xss::filter() (line 69 of core/lib/Drupal/Component/Utility/Xss.php).
    Drupal\Component\Utility\Xss::filter(NULL) (Line: 351)
_colorbox_formatter_get_caption(Array) (Line: 140)
template_preprocess_colorbox_formatter(Array, 'colorbox_formatter', Array)
call_user_func_array('template_preprocess_colorbox_formatter', Array) (Line: 261)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('colorbox_formatter', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 250)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->{closure}() (Line: 1881)
Twig\Extension\CoreExtension::captureOutput(Object) (Line: 40)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/fields/field.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('field', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 504)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 41)
__TwigTemplate_0c51b0c178cb5a13267b2425c05b1ebb->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/embed/media--media-library.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('media', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array) (Line: 504)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 224)
Drupal\entity_embed\Plugin\Filter\EntityEmbedFilter->Drupal\entity_embed\Plugin\Filter\{closure}() (Line: 638)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 223)
Drupal\entity_embed\Plugin\Filter\EntityEmbedFilter->process('

Interview with Gene Likens, Radio Boston, August 29, 2016





Hidden among the White Mountains is an unexpected laboratory: the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.

"I've always said I can't believe somebody pays me to work in such a beautiful place," says Gene Likens, co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study.

The USDA Forest Service has 79 experimental forest and ranges across the United States. Likens, along with three colleagues, worked with the Forest Service to begin studying Hubbard Brook in 1963. One of the most notable discoveries at the site is acid rain.

Now, teams of scientists perform large-scale experiments there, from cutting down the trees to measuring the water, to figure out how different conditions effect the ecosystem.

Likens met us at the forest to talk about some of the discoveries they've made over the past 50 years. His new book with co-author Richard T. Holmes is "Hubbard Brook: The Story of a Forest Ecosystem."

Guest

Gene Likens, president emeritus of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, and co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, which tweets @hubbardbrooknh.
', 'en') (Line: 118)
Drupal\filter\Element\ProcessedText::preRenderText(Array)
call_user_func_array(Array, Array) (Line: 113)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doTrustedCallback(Array, Array, 'Render #pre_render callbacks must be methods of a class that implements \Drupal\Core\Security\TrustedCallbackInterface or be an anonymous function. The callback was %s. See https://www.drupal.org/node/2966725', 'exception', 'Drupal\Core\Render\Element\RenderCallbackInterface') (Line: 870)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doCallback('#pre_render', Array, Array) (Line: 432)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 250)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->{closure}() (Line: 1881)
Twig\Extension\CoreExtension::captureOutput(Object) (Line: 40)
__TwigTemplate_273072a643fb1f8506fbeb733eb7d745->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/fields/field.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('field', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array) (Line: 475)
Drupal\Core\Template\TwigExtension->escapeFilter(Object, Array, 'html', NULL, 1) (Line: 371)
__TwigTemplate_d8b9d79a84c0c5604a5fadd8bc853000->doDisplay(Array, Array) (Line: 360)
Twig\Template->yield(Array) (Line: 335)
Twig\Template->render(Array) (Line: 38)
Twig\TemplateWrapper->render(Array) (Line: 33)
twig_render_template('themes/custom/cary/templates/nodes/node--audio_video_slideshow.html.twig', Array) (Line: 348)
Drupal\Core\Theme\ThemeManager->render('node', Array) (Line: 491)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->doRender(Array, ) (Line: 248)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->render(Array, ) (Line: 238)
Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\{closure}() (Line: 638)
Drupal\Core\Render\Renderer->executeInRenderContext(Object, Object) (Line: 231)
Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->prepare(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 128)
Drupal\Core\Render\MainContent\HtmlRenderer->renderResponse(Array, Object, Object) (Line: 90)
Drupal\Core\EventSubscriber\MainContentViewSubscriber->onViewRenderArray(Object, 'kernel.view', Object)
call_user_func(Array, Object, 'kernel.view', Object) (Line: 111)
Drupal\Component\EventDispatcher\ContainerAwareEventDispatcher->dispatch(Object, 'kernel.view') (Line: 186)
Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handleRaw(Object, 1) (Line: 76)
Symfony\Component\HttpKernel\HttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 53)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\Session->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 48)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\KernelPreHandle->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 28)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 32)
Drupal\big_pipe\StackMiddleware\ContentLength->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 191)
Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->fetch(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 128)
Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->lookup(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 82)
Drupal\page_cache\StackMiddleware\PageCache->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 50)
Drupal\ban\BanMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 48)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\ReverseProxyMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 51)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\NegotiationMiddleware->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 36)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\AjaxPageState->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 51)
Drupal\Core\StackMiddleware\StackedHttpKernel->handle(Object, 1, 1) (Line: 741)
Drupal\Core\DrupalKernel->handle(Object) (Line: 19)

Discovering acid rain at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest

Interview with Gene Likens, Radio Boston, August 29, 2016

Hidden among the White Mountains is an unexpected laboratory: the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest.

"I've always said I can't believe somebody pays me to work in such a beautiful place," says Gene Likens, co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study.

The USDA Forest Service has 79 experimental forest and ranges across the United States. Likens, along with three colleagues, worked with the Forest Service to begin studying Hubbard Brook in 1963. One of the most notable discoveries at the site is acid rain.

Now, teams of scientists perform large-scale experiments there, from cutting down the trees to measuring the water, to figure out how different conditions effect the ecosystem.

Likens met us at the forest to talk about some of the discoveries they've made over the past 50 years. His new book with co-author Richard T. Holmes is "Hubbard Brook: The Story of a Forest Ecosystem."

Guest

Gene Likens, president emeritus of the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, and co-founder of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study, which tweets @hubbardbrooknh.

More on this topic

Media Coverage

With global challenges in mind, keeping a decades-long success story at the forefront

mirror lake cc Tammy Wooster
Feature

Listening to science: A conversation with Gene E. Likens

aciid. rain trees
Media Coverage

Acid Reign