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Dr. Peter M. Groffman

Microbial Ecologist | PhD, University of Georgia

Expertise
soil ecology, water quality

845 677-7600 x128

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  • Profile
  • Past Projects
  • Publications

Peter Groffman studies how microbial processes impact gas exchange - particularly nitrogen - between the soil and air. His work encompasses rural and urban ecosystems, and is primarily centered at two of the National Science Foundation’s Long Term Ecological Research sites located in Hubbard Brook, New Hampshire and Baltimore, Maryland.

As a result of climate change, forests in the northeastern US are experiencing reduced winter snow cover. This change leaves the forest soil exposed to subfreezing temperatures for extended periods. Without a layer of insulating snow, important biological activity that usually continues throughout the winter stops. Freezing damages tender tree roots. Increased winter rain washes nitrogen and phosphorus - nutrients critical to tree growth - out of the soil, threatening forest productivity and water quality. Bare soils produce more nitrous oxide and consume less methane - both potent greenhouse gases. Understanding these processes will inform forest management as climate warms.

Urbanization is a global trend marked by increasing homogenization of the landscape; imagine the cookie cutter properties that characterize ‘suburbia’. Understanding landscape homogenization will help predict the impacts of urban land use change and its effects on carbon storage and nitrogen pollution, on multiple spatial scales.

Groffman is also a Professor at the City University of New York Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center and the Brooklyn College Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences.

How the Nonhuman World Influences Homeowner Yard Management in the American Residential Macrosystem
Engebretson, J. M., K. C. Nelson, L. A. Ogden, K. L. Larson, J. M. Grove, S. J. Hall, D. H. Locke, et al. (2024) 2020. “How the Nonhuman World Influences Homeowner Yard Management in the American Residential Macrosystem”. Human Ecology 48 (3): 347-56.
Soil Microbes Trade-Off Biogeochemical Cycling for Stress Tolerance Traits in Response to Year-Round Climate Change
Garcia, M. O., P. H. Templer, P. O. Sorensen, R. Sanders-DeMott, Peter M. Groffman, and J. M. Bhatnagar. (2024) 2020. “Soil Microbes Trade-Off Biogeochemical Cycling for Stress Tolerance Traits in Response to Year-Round Climate Change”. Frontiers in Microbiology 11.
Ecosystem Nitrogen Response to a Simulated Ice Storm in a Northern Hardwood Forest
Weitzman, Julie N., Peter M. Groffman, John Campbell, Charles T. Driscoll, Robert Fahey, Timothy J. Fahey, Paul G. Schaberg, and Lindsey E. Rustad. 2020. “Ecosystem Nitrogen Response to a Simulated Ice Storm in a Northern Hardwood Forest”. Ecosystems. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1007/s10021-019-00463-w.
Municipal regulation of residential landscapes across US cities: Patterns and implications for landscape sustainability
Larson, K. L., R. Andrade, K. C. Nelson, M. M. Wheeler, J. M. Engebreston, S. J. Hall, M. L. Avolio, et al. (2024) 2020. “Municipal Regulation of Residential Landscapes across US Cities: Patterns and Implications for Landscape Sustainability”. Journal of Environmental Management 275.
Theoretical Perspectives of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Conceptual Evolution in a Social-Ecological Research Project
Pickett, Steward T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, M. E. Baker, L. E. Band, C. G. Boone, G. L. Buckley, Peter M. Groffman, et al. (2024) 2020. “Theoretical Perspectives of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Conceptual Evolution in a Social-Ecological Research Project”. Bioscience 70 (4): 297-314+.
Side‐swiped: ecological cascades emanating from earthworm invasions
Frelich, Lee E, Bernd Blossey, Erin K Cameron, Andrea Dávalos, Nico Eisenhauer, Timothy Fahey, Olga Ferlian, et al. 2019. “Side‐swiped: Ecological Cascades Emanating from Earthworm Invasions”. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 17 (9). Wiley: 502-10. doi:10.1002/fee.2099.
Roots Mediate the Effects of Snowpack Decline on Soil Bacteria, Fungi, and Nitrogen Cycling in a Northern Hardwood Forest
Sorensen, P., Jennifer M. Bhatnagar, Lynn M. Christenson, Jorge Durán, Timothy J. Fahey, Melany C. Fisk, A.C. Finzi, Peter M. Groffman, Jennifer L. Morse, and Pamela H. Templer. 2019. “Roots Mediate the Effects of Snowpack Decline on Soil Bacteria, Fungi, and Nitrogen Cycling in a Northern Hardwood Forest”. Frontiers in Microbiology 10. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2019.00926.
Short-term precipitation pulses stimulate soil CO2 emission but do not alter CH4 and N2O fluxes in a northern hardwood forest
Ni, Xiangyin, Shu Liao, Fuzhong Wu, and Peter M. Groffman. 2019. “Short-Term Precipitation Pulses Stimulate Soil CO2 Emission But Do Not Alter CH4 and N2O Fluxes in a Northern Hardwood Forest”. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 130: 8-11. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.11.021.
Residential household yard care practices along urban-exurban gradients in six climatically-diverse U.S. metropolitan areas
Locke, Dexter H., Colin Polsky, Morgan Grove, Peter M. Groffman, Kristen C. Nelson, Kelli L. Larson, Jeannine Cavender-Bares, et al. 2019. “Residential Household Yard Care Practices Along Urban-Exurban Gradients in Six Climatically-Diverse U.S. Metropolitan Areas”. Edited by Christopher A. Lepczyk. PLOS ONE 14 (11). Public Library of Science (PLoS): e0222630. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222630.
Soil warming and winter snowpacks: Implications for northern forest ecosystem functioning
Sanders-DeMott, Rebecca, John L. Campbell, Peter M. Groffman, Lindsey E. Rustad, and Pamela H. Templer. 2019. “Soil Warming and Winter Snowpacks: Implications for Northern Forest Ecosystem Functioning”. In Ecosystem Consequences of Soil Warming, 245-78. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-813493-1.00011-9.