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Dr. Peter M. Groffman

Microbial Ecologist | PhD, University of Georgia

Expertise
soil ecology, water quality

845 677-7600 x128

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  • Profile
  • Past Projects
  • Publications

Peter Groffman studies how microbial processes impact gas exchange - particularly nitrogen - between the soil and air. His work encompasses rural and urban ecosystems, and is primarily centered at two of the National Science Foundation’s Long Term Ecological Research sites located in Hubbard Brook, New Hampshire and Baltimore, Maryland.

As a result of climate change, forests in the northeastern US are experiencing reduced winter snow cover. This change leaves the forest soil exposed to subfreezing temperatures for extended periods. Without a layer of insulating snow, important biological activity that usually continues throughout the winter stops. Freezing damages tender tree roots. Increased winter rain washes nitrogen and phosphorus - nutrients critical to tree growth - out of the soil, threatening forest productivity and water quality. Bare soils produce more nitrous oxide and consume less methane - both potent greenhouse gases. Understanding these processes will inform forest management as climate warms.

Urbanization is a global trend marked by increasing homogenization of the landscape; imagine the cookie cutter properties that characterize ‘suburbia’. Understanding landscape homogenization will help predict the impacts of urban land use change and its effects on carbon storage and nitrogen pollution, on multiple spatial scales.

Groffman is also a Professor at the City University of New York Advanced Science Research Center at the Graduate Center and the Brooklyn College Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences.

Potential ecological impacts of climate intervention by reflecting sunlight to cool Earth
Zarnetske, Phoebe L., Jessica Gurevitch, Janet Franklin, Peter M. Groffman, Cheryl S. Harrison, Jessica J. Hellmann, Forrest M. Hoffman, et al. 2021. “Potential Ecological Impacts of Climate Intervention by Reflecting Sunlight to Cool Earth”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118 (15). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: e1921854118. doi:10.1073/pnas.1921854118.
Microbial biomass in forest soils under altered moisture conditions: A review
Ni, XY, S Liao, FZ Wu, and Peter M. Groffman. 2021. “Microbial Biomass in Forest Soils under Altered Moisture Conditions: A Review”. SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL. doi:10.1002/saj2.20344.
Taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional composition and homogenization of residential yard vegetation with contrasting management
Cubino, J. P., J. Cavender-Bares, Peter M. Groffman, M. L. Avolio, A. R. Bratt, S. J. Hall, K. L. Larson, et al. (2024) 2020. “Taxonomic, Phylogenetic, and Functional Composition and Homogenization of Residential Yard Vegetation With Contrasting Management”. Landscape and Urban Planning 202.
A community nitrogen footprint analysis of Baltimore City, Maryland
Dukes, E. S. M., J. N. Galloway, L. E. Band, L. R. Cattaneo, Peter M. Groffman, A. M. Leach, and E. A. Castner. (2024) 2020. “A Community Nitrogen Footprint Analysis of Baltimore City, Maryland”. Environmental Research Letters 15 (7).
How the Nonhuman World Influences Homeowner Yard Management in the American Residential Macrosystem
Engebretson, J. M., K. C. Nelson, L. A. Ogden, K. L. Larson, J. M. Grove, S. J. Hall, D. H. Locke, et al. (2024) 2020. “How the Nonhuman World Influences Homeowner Yard Management in the American Residential Macrosystem”. Human Ecology 48 (3): 347-56.
Soil Microbes Trade-Off Biogeochemical Cycling for Stress Tolerance Traits in Response to Year-Round Climate Change
Garcia, M. O., P. H. Templer, P. O. Sorensen, R. Sanders-DeMott, Peter M. Groffman, and J. M. Bhatnagar. (2024) 2020. “Soil Microbes Trade-Off Biogeochemical Cycling for Stress Tolerance Traits in Response to Year-Round Climate Change”. Frontiers in Microbiology 11.
Ecosystem Nitrogen Response to a Simulated Ice Storm in a Northern Hardwood Forest
Weitzman, Julie N., Peter M. Groffman, John Campbell, Charles T. Driscoll, Robert Fahey, Timothy J. Fahey, Paul G. Schaberg, and Lindsey E. Rustad. 2020. “Ecosystem Nitrogen Response to a Simulated Ice Storm in a Northern Hardwood Forest”. Ecosystems. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. doi:10.1007/s10021-019-00463-w.
Municipal regulation of residential landscapes across US cities: Patterns and implications for landscape sustainability
Larson, K. L., R. Andrade, K. C. Nelson, M. M. Wheeler, J. M. Engebreston, S. J. Hall, M. L. Avolio, et al. (2024) 2020. “Municipal Regulation of Residential Landscapes across US Cities: Patterns and Implications for Landscape Sustainability”. Journal of Environmental Management 275.
Theoretical Perspectives of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Conceptual Evolution in a Social-Ecological Research Project
Pickett, Steward T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, M. E. Baker, L. E. Band, C. G. Boone, G. L. Buckley, Peter M. Groffman, et al. (2024) 2020. “Theoretical Perspectives of the Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Conceptual Evolution in a Social-Ecological Research Project”. Bioscience 70 (4): 297-314+.
Experimental approach and initial forest response to a simulated ice storm experiment in a northern hardwood forest
Rustad, L. E., J. L. Campbell, C. T. Driscoll, T. J. Fahey, Peter M. Groffman, P. G. Schaberg, G. J. Hawley, et al. (2024) 2020. “Experimental Approach and Initial Forest Response to a Simulated Ice Storm Experiment in a Northern Hardwood Forest”. Plos One 15 (9).